Hoy os quiero hablar un poco del budismo, entre otras razones porque forma parte de algunas de las personas de la cultura con la que menos os identificasteis en la encuesta. Aún así el budismo es una práctica que cada vez está más manifest in the world, perhaps because it transmits, or the staging that can have on daily life. Recently, in one of those days of "mental confusion" I listened to Deepak Chopra, a filosofeante, to call in some way, followed by many people, including celebrities such as Madonna, and practicing Buddhism. But you want to know more about this practice, here it is.
Buddhism has been for many centuries the dominant spiritual tradition in most of Asia, including Indochina countries, as well as Sri Lanka, Nepal, Tibet, China, Korea and Japan. Unlike Hinduism, Buddhism can be traced to a single founder, Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha called 'History'. He lived in India in the mid 6th century BC
If the flavor is mythological and ritualistic Hinduism, Buddhism is definitely the psychological. The Buddha was not interested in satisfying human curiosity about the origin of the world, the nature of the divine or similar questions. Was concerned exclusively with the human situation, with the sufferings and frustrations of human beings. His doctrine is, therefore, not a metaphysical but a psychotherapy. He noted the origin of human frustrations and how to overcome them, taking for it the traditional Hindu concept of maya, karma, nirvana, etc., giving a psychological interpretation renewed, dynamic and directly relevant.
After Buddha's death, Buddhism developed in two different schools: the Hinayana and Mahayana, the first more orthodox and the second most flexible, India was taken over by Hinduism from Buddha to be an incarnation of God multifaceted Vishnu. As
spread across Asia came into contact with a lot of different cultures and different mentalities who interpreted the doctrine of Buddha from different points of view. Thanks to this, Buddhism was kept alive through the centuries and evolved into highly sophisticated philosophies deep psychological knowledge.
Despite its high level of intellectual philosophy, Mahayana Buddhism is never lost in abstract thoughts speculative. As always in Eastern mysticism, the intellect is seen only as a way to clear the way for direct mystical experience, the Buddhists call 'awakening'. The essence of this experience is to go beyond the world of intellectual distinctions and opposites to reach acintya world, the unthinkable, where reality appears as an 'entity' non-divided and differentiated.
This was the experience of Siddhartha Gautama one night, after seven years of strenuous discipline in the woods. Sitting in deep meditation under the celebrated Bodhi Tree, the Tree of Enlightenment, suddenly got the final and definitive clarification of all your searches and questions, in the act of 'second to none and full awakening', which became the Buddha, that is, 'The Awakened'. To the East, the image of Buddha in meditation is as significant as the image of Christ crucified to the West.
Buddha preached his doctrine later expressed in the form of The Four Noble Truths, a compact presentation of the essential doctrine, that much is like a medical diagnosis, first identify the cause of human disease, then states that the disease can be cured and finally prescribe the remedy. The First Noble Truth
cites the salient features of the human situation, duhkha, which is suffering or frustration. This frustration stems from our difficulty in facing a basic fact of life that everything around us is unstable and transitory. "Everything comes and goes," said Buddha, besides the notion that the flow and change are basic features of nature are among the fundamentals of Buddhism. Suffering occurs when we resist the flow of life and try to cling to fixed forms, which are all maya, are things, events, people or ideas. This doctrine of impermanence also includes the notion that there an ego, no self that is the persistent object of our varied experiences. Buddhism holds that the idea of \u200b\u200ba self separate individual is an illusion, just another way of Maya, an intellectual concept that has no reality. Hold on to this concept leads to the same frustration that cling to any fixed category of thought.
The Second Noble Truth speaks to the cause of all suffering, trishna, which is the grasping, or holding on. It's futile to cling to life, based on a mistaken view, what is called avidya, or ignorance. Because of this ignorance we divide the world we perceive in separate and individual things, and therefore try to confine the fluid forms of reality in fixed categories created by the mind. As long as this view will experience frustration after frustration. Trying to hold on to things we see as strong and persistent but in reality are transient and constantly changing, we are trapped in a vicious circle where every action creates more shares and each question raises new questions. This is called samsara, the round of birth-death, and is driven by karma, the endless chain of cause and effect. The Third Noble Truth
calls the suffering and frustration can be stopped. It is possible to transcend the cycle of samsara, free from the shackles of karma and achieve a state of total release called nirvana. In this state, false notions of a self separate are gone forever and the unity of all life is a constant feeling. Nirvana is the equivalent of moksha in Hindu philosophy and, being a state of consciousness beyond all intellectual conception, defies further description. Reach nirvana is to achieve the 'awakening' or the state of Buddha.
The Fourth Noble Truth is the Buddha's prescription to end all suffering, the Eightfold Path of self-development leading to the state of 'awakened'. The first two mentioned above correspond to the right vision and right knowledge, that is, with the clear understanding of the human situation, that is the necessary starting point. The four following sections are concerned with the correct action. They are the rules for the lifestyle of a Buddhist, which is the middle way between opposite ends. The last two sections have to do with the right awareness and right meditation and describe the direct mystical experience of reality that is their ultimate goal.
Buddha did not develop his doctrine in a consistent philosophical system but I thought the way to achieve enlightenment. Their opinions about the world were confined to emphasize the impermanence of all things. He insisted on freedom from spiritual authorities, including his own, saying he could only show the path to Buddhahood, and dependent of each individual aim and move towards the goal by their own efforts. Buddha's last words to dying are characteristic of their world view and attitude as a teacher. "Decay is inherent in all compounded things," he said before he died: "Move on with diligence."
The culmination of Buddhist thought is achieved according to many authors, the school called Avatamsaka, which is based on the sutra of the same name. This sutra is considered as the core of Mahayana Buddhism and is praised by Suzuki with the most enthusiastic words:
Regarding Avatamsaka-sutra, is really the consummation of Buddhist thought, Buddhist sentiment and Buddhist experience. In my opinion, no religious literature in the world can achieve the greatness of concepts, the depth of feeling and the gigantic scale of composition is achieved in this sutra. It is the eternal source of life that no religious mind thirsty again or only partially satisfied.
This was the sutra that stimulated the minds of Chinese and Japanese more than anything else, when Mahayama Buddhism spread through Asia. The contrast between the Chinese and Japanese, on the one hand and Hindus on the other, so great was said to represent two poles of the human mind. While the former are practical, pragmatic and social thinking the latter are imaginative, far-reaching and metaphysical. When the Chinese and Japanese philosophers began to translate and interpret the Avatamsaka, one of the greatest writings produced by the Hindu religious genius, the two poles are combined to form a new dynamic unity and the result was the Hua-yen philosophy in China and Kegon philosophy in Japan, which, according to Suzuki, "the climax of Buddhist thought has been developing in the Far East for the last two thousand years."
Avatamsaka The central theme is the unity and interrelatedness of all things and events, a concept that not only is the essence of the Eastern view but is also one of the basic elements of the worldview that is emerging from modern physics.
If the flavor is mythological and ritualistic Hinduism, Buddhism is definitely the psychological. The Buddha was not interested in satisfying human curiosity about the origin of the world, the nature of the divine or similar questions. Was concerned exclusively with the human situation, with the sufferings and frustrations of human beings. His doctrine is, therefore, not a metaphysical but a psychotherapy. He noted the origin of human frustrations and how to overcome them, taking for it the traditional Hindu concept of maya, karma, nirvana, etc., giving a psychological interpretation renewed, dynamic and directly relevant.
After Buddha's death, Buddhism developed in two different schools: the Hinayana and Mahayana, the first more orthodox and the second most flexible, India was taken over by Hinduism from Buddha to be an incarnation of God multifaceted Vishnu. As
spread across Asia came into contact with a lot of different cultures and different mentalities who interpreted the doctrine of Buddha from different points of view. Thanks to this, Buddhism was kept alive through the centuries and evolved into highly sophisticated philosophies deep psychological knowledge.
Despite its high level of intellectual philosophy, Mahayana Buddhism is never lost in abstract thoughts speculative. As always in Eastern mysticism, the intellect is seen only as a way to clear the way for direct mystical experience, the Buddhists call 'awakening'. The essence of this experience is to go beyond the world of intellectual distinctions and opposites to reach acintya world, the unthinkable, where reality appears as an 'entity' non-divided and differentiated.
This was the experience of Siddhartha Gautama one night, after seven years of strenuous discipline in the woods. Sitting in deep meditation under the celebrated Bodhi Tree, the Tree of Enlightenment, suddenly got the final and definitive clarification of all your searches and questions, in the act of 'second to none and full awakening', which became the Buddha, that is, 'The Awakened'. To the East, the image of Buddha in meditation is as significant as the image of Christ crucified to the West.
Buddha preached his doctrine later expressed in the form of The Four Noble Truths, a compact presentation of the essential doctrine, that much is like a medical diagnosis, first identify the cause of human disease, then states that the disease can be cured and finally prescribe the remedy. The First Noble Truth
cites the salient features of the human situation, duhkha, which is suffering or frustration. This frustration stems from our difficulty in facing a basic fact of life that everything around us is unstable and transitory. "Everything comes and goes," said Buddha, besides the notion that the flow and change are basic features of nature are among the fundamentals of Buddhism. Suffering occurs when we resist the flow of life and try to cling to fixed forms, which are all maya, are things, events, people or ideas. This doctrine of impermanence also includes the notion that there an ego, no self that is the persistent object of our varied experiences. Buddhism holds that the idea of \u200b\u200ba self separate individual is an illusion, just another way of Maya, an intellectual concept that has no reality. Hold on to this concept leads to the same frustration that cling to any fixed category of thought.
The Second Noble Truth speaks to the cause of all suffering, trishna, which is the grasping, or holding on. It's futile to cling to life, based on a mistaken view, what is called avidya, or ignorance. Because of this ignorance we divide the world we perceive in separate and individual things, and therefore try to confine the fluid forms of reality in fixed categories created by the mind. As long as this view will experience frustration after frustration. Trying to hold on to things we see as strong and persistent but in reality are transient and constantly changing, we are trapped in a vicious circle where every action creates more shares and each question raises new questions. This is called samsara, the round of birth-death, and is driven by karma, the endless chain of cause and effect. The Third Noble Truth
calls the suffering and frustration can be stopped. It is possible to transcend the cycle of samsara, free from the shackles of karma and achieve a state of total release called nirvana. In this state, false notions of a self separate are gone forever and the unity of all life is a constant feeling. Nirvana is the equivalent of moksha in Hindu philosophy and, being a state of consciousness beyond all intellectual conception, defies further description. Reach nirvana is to achieve the 'awakening' or the state of Buddha.
The Fourth Noble Truth is the Buddha's prescription to end all suffering, the Eightfold Path of self-development leading to the state of 'awakened'. The first two mentioned above correspond to the right vision and right knowledge, that is, with the clear understanding of the human situation, that is the necessary starting point. The four following sections are concerned with the correct action. They are the rules for the lifestyle of a Buddhist, which is the middle way between opposite ends. The last two sections have to do with the right awareness and right meditation and describe the direct mystical experience of reality that is their ultimate goal.
Buddha did not develop his doctrine in a consistent philosophical system but I thought the way to achieve enlightenment. Their opinions about the world were confined to emphasize the impermanence of all things. He insisted on freedom from spiritual authorities, including his own, saying he could only show the path to Buddhahood, and dependent of each individual aim and move towards the goal by their own efforts. Buddha's last words to dying are characteristic of their world view and attitude as a teacher. "Decay is inherent in all compounded things," he said before he died: "Move on with diligence."
The culmination of Buddhist thought is achieved according to many authors, the school called Avatamsaka, which is based on the sutra of the same name. This sutra is considered as the core of Mahayana Buddhism and is praised by Suzuki with the most enthusiastic words:
Regarding Avatamsaka-sutra, is really the consummation of Buddhist thought, Buddhist sentiment and Buddhist experience. In my opinion, no religious literature in the world can achieve the greatness of concepts, the depth of feeling and the gigantic scale of composition is achieved in this sutra. It is the eternal source of life that no religious mind thirsty again or only partially satisfied.
This was the sutra that stimulated the minds of Chinese and Japanese more than anything else, when Mahayama Buddhism spread through Asia. The contrast between the Chinese and Japanese, on the one hand and Hindus on the other, so great was said to represent two poles of the human mind. While the former are practical, pragmatic and social thinking the latter are imaginative, far-reaching and metaphysical. When the Chinese and Japanese philosophers began to translate and interpret the Avatamsaka, one of the greatest writings produced by the Hindu religious genius, the two poles are combined to form a new dynamic unity and the result was the Hua-yen philosophy in China and Kegon philosophy in Japan, which, according to Suzuki, "the climax of Buddhist thought has been developing in the Far East for the last two thousand years."
Avatamsaka The central theme is the unity and interrelatedness of all things and events, a concept that not only is the essence of the Eastern view but is also one of the basic elements of the worldview that is emerging from modern physics.
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